Temporary Shoring Methods
Shoring is a process for giving support to make the structure stable temporarily under specific conditions throughout construction, repair or modification.
Shoring is necessary for the following conditions :-
- The strength of the structure is in risk because of elimination of a faulty part of the structure.
- The strength of the structure is in risk owning to asymmetrical settlement throughout construction itself or in long period.
- Specific modifications should be undertaken in existing structure itself. As for example, remodeling of walls, shifting the position of windows etc.
- Modifications should be undertaken in adjoining building for remodeling, reinforcing of foundation.
Set up of shoring
- Timber or steel tubes are commonly utilized for shoring. Often, both are utilized mutually. When timber is applied its surface should be coated with a preservative to safeguard from wet rot.
- The shoring is designed on the basis of the load to be resisted as well as extent of load.
- The shoring is provided internally or externally based on the condition and in specific cases these are arranged on either side of the wall to bring extra strength.
- Shoring should be set up only after obtaining the approval of the local authorities if required.
- No time period exists for shoring to be retained. The time may vary from weeks to years based on the situation.
Types of shoring
The following types of shoring is generally found :-
Raking or inclined shores – Under this method, inclined members called as rakers are applied to provide lateral supports to walls. A raking shore comprises of the following elements:
- Rakers or inclined member
- Wall plate
- Needles
- Cleats
- Bracing
- Sole plate
Flying or horizontal shores – The purpose of the flying shores is to offer temporary supports to the party walls of the two buildings where the median building should be pushed down and reconstructed. All types of preparations for providing support to the insecure structure in which the shores do not get to the ground fall under this category.
The flying shore contains wall plates, needles, cleats, horizontal struts (generally termed as horizontal shores) and inclined struts provided in various forms which change as per the situation. Under this system, the wall plates are also arranged against the wall and fastened to it.
A horizontal strut is arranged among the wall plates and is supported with a system of needle and cleats. The inclined struts are supported with the needle at their top and by pushing pieces at their feet. The straining piece is also defined as straining sill and is spiked to the horizontal shore. The width of straining piece maintains the similar width as that of the strut.
Dead or vertical shores - Dead shore belongs to the system of shoring that is utilized to provide vertical support to walls and roofs, floors, etc when the lower part of a wall is eliminated so as to arrange an opening in the wall or to reconstruct a faulty load bearing wall in a structure.
The dead shore comprises of an arrangement of beams and posts to cope up with the weight of the structure over and transmit the same to the ground on solid foundation underneath.